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Innovations of phosphorus sustainability: implications for the whole chain

null

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第4期页码 321-331 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019283

摘要：

Phosphorus (P) is a non-renewable resource, therefore ensuring global food and environmental security depends upon sustainable P management. To achieve this goal, sustainable P management in the upstream and downstream sectors of agriculture from mineral extraction to food consumption must be addressed systematically. The innovation and feasibility of P sustainability are highlighted from the perspective of the whole P-based chain, including the mining and processing of P rock, production of P fertilizers, soil and rhizosphere processes involving P, absorption and utilization of P by plants, P in livestock production, as well as flow and management of P at the catchment scale. The paper also emphasizes the importance of recycling P and the current challenges of P recovery. Finally, sustainable solutions of holistic P management are proposed from the perspective of technology improvement with policy support.

关键词： P-use efficiency recycling sustainable management the whole P chain

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Comments on “Innovations for phosphorus sustainability: implications for the whole food chain” in special

Peter M. VITOUSEK, Xuejun LIU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第4期页码 441-442 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019284

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Extracts from cotton over the whole growing season induce

P. McErlean

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 228-236 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017150

摘要： Five cotton cultivars and their parents were tested for induction of germination of Wallr. (sunflower broomrape) seeds in pot and field experiments. Germination rates induced by cotton root extracts were the highest followed by stem extracts then leaf extracts. Cotton seedlings at the six-leaf stage induced higher germination than seedling at the two- and four-leaf stage, in all five cotton cultivars and their parents. In the field, the highest concentration of cotton root extracts gave the highest germination rate of , and the lowest concentration of cotton root extracts gave the lowest germination rate. Methanol extracts of cotton rhizosphere soil gave the highest germination of . In general, the root, stem and leaf extracts were more active at the six-leaf stage than other seedling stages. In conclusion, extracts of cotton rhizosphere soil and tissues have high activity in the seedling stage. Extracts of cotton across the whole growing season were able to induce germination but displayed significant cultivar interactions.

关键词： agricultural systems cotton crop ecology crop rotation systems weed management

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现代农业全产业链标准体系发展路径与对策研究

初侨,燕艳华,翟明普,刘文,席兴军,张文焕,孟玲玲

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第3期页码 8-15 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.03.010

摘要： 现代农业全产业链标准体系是在农业供给侧改革背景下，以市场需求为导向，集合农业全要素和全过程，形成的一种新型标准体系，是保障我国乡村振兴战略实现和农业高质量发展的重要基石p>

关键词：现代农业，全产业链，标准体系，标准化服务

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基于全产业链视角的粮食安全风险识别与管控策略

梅旭荣 ,张琳 ,袁龙江 ,胡向东 ,谢玲红 ,吴孔明 ,王国刚 ,王晓君

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第4期页码 39-49 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.04.008

摘要： : justify;">一、前言p>“无农不稳，无粮则乱”，粮食安全问题事关国家稳定大局。产前风险来源及风险因子p>产前风险来源主要有种业风险和资源保障风险。产业链外部风险来源及风险因子p>产业链外部风险来源主要有政策风险和突发事件风险。将粮食安全风险管控纳入国家安全体系p>粮食安全是国家总体安全的基础，需将粮食安全纳入国家安全体系。;">五、对策建议p>粮食安全是国家安全的根基。

关键词：粮食安全风险；管控策略；风险管控体系；全产业链

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我国农业全产业链绿色发展路径与对策研究

朱齐超,李亚娟,申建波,徐玖亮,侯勇,佟丙辛,许稳,张福锁

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第1期页码 73-82 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.009

摘要： 农业全产业链绿色发展既是提升农产品竞争力、促进农业产业增值的重要途径，又是提高资源利用效率、保障经济永续发展的必然选择。p>

关键词：农业全产业链绿色发展产业融合环境友好价值提升

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Seasonal microbial community shift in a saline sewage treatment plant

Qingmei YAN, Xuxiang ZHANG, Tong ZHANG, Herbert H P FANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 40-47 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0304-8

摘要： Activated sludge was monthly sampled from a saline sewage treatment plant of Hong Kong (China) during June 2007 to May 2008 to analyze the microbial community shift along with environmental variations using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction amplified 16S rDNA fragments. Environmental changes resulted into a seasonal microbial community shift characterized by alterations in species number and abundance in the sewage treatment plant. Correspondence analysis and cluster analysis on community structure profile showed that the 12 monthly samples fell into four groups, which is in accordance with season changing in Hong Kong. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that and posed more significant effects on community structure than total phosphorus and total nitrogen, respectively. Compared with sludge retention time, influent total phosphorus had an inverse effect on the community structure shift, and chemical oxygen demand and showed a similar effects. Results of this study may contribute to the development of new knowledge involving the microbial community shift in sewage treatment plants.

关键词： sewage treatment plants polymerase chain reaction (PCR) denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) canonical correspondence analysis correspondence analysis

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分类支持基础研究促进全链条颠覆性技术创新

张慧琴,平婧,孙昌璞

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第6期页码 24-26 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.06.004

摘要： 近年来，我国在科技领域取得了巨大的进步，但明显存在关键技术的“卡脖子”问题。p>

关键词：基础研究颠覆性技术分类支持

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Organizational evolution of project management teams over the whole lifecycle of megaprojects: Case study

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 439-454 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0211-7

摘要： Project management teams are critical in the implementation of megaprojects, but their evolution throughout the project lifecycle has not been clearly explained. This paper explores the organizational evolution of megaproject management teams through a longitudinal retrospective case study of the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge (HZMB) project. The organizational evolution is examined in terms of management objectives, management content, and organizational structure. The organizational evolution of the HZMB project management team exhibits stage differentiation with the coexistence of turbulence and stability. Changes in the external environment are the driving force for organizational evolution, whereas a flexible organizational strategy is critical in promoting this evolution. Basing on the HZMB case study, this paper summarizes six critical measures that facilitate the organizational evolution of megaproject management teams. Our findings add value to megaproject management theory and provide a better understanding of the dynamics and complexity of megaproject organizational management.

关键词： megaproject organizational evolution whole lifecycle management project management team

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TCGA whole-transcriptome sequencing data reveals significantly dysregulated genes and signaling pathways

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第3期页码 322-330 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0408-9

摘要：

This study systematically evaluates the TCGA whole-transcriptome sequencing data of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by comparing the global gene expression profiles between tumors and their corresponding non-tumorous liver tissue. Based on the differential gene expression analysis, we identified a number of novel dysregulated genes, in addition to those previously reported. Top-listing upregulated (CENPF and FOXM1) and downregulated (CLEC4G, CRHBP, and CLEC1B) genes were successfully validated using qPCR on our cohort of 65 pairs of human HCCs. Further examination for the mechanistic overview by subjecting significantly upregulated and downregulated genes to gene set enrichment analysis showed that different cellular pathways were involved. This study provides useful information on the transcriptomic landscape and molecular mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis for development of new biomarkers and further in-depth characterization.

关键词： TCGA whole-transcriptome sequencing HCC liver cancer

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Analysis of the genomic landscape of primary central nervous system lymphoma using whole-genome sequencing

《医学前沿（英文）》页码 889-906 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0994-x

摘要： Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an uncommon non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with poor prognosis. This study aimed to depict the genetic landscape of Chinese PCNSLs. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on 68 newly diagnosed Chinese PCNSL samples, whose genomic characteristics and clinicopathologic features were also analyzed. Structural variations were identified in all patients with a mean of 349, which did not significantly influence prognosis. Copy loss occurred in all samples, while gains were detected in 77.9% of the samples. The high level of copy number variations was significantly associated with poor progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). A total of 263 genes mutated in coding regions were identified, including 6 newly discovered genes (ROBO2, KMT2C, CXCR4, MYOM2, BCLAF1, and NRXN3) detected in ≥ 10% of the cases. CD79B mutation was significantly associated with lower PFS, TMSB4X mutation and high expression of TMSB4X protein was associated with lower OS. A prognostic risk scoring system was also established for PCNSL, which included Karnofsky performance status and six mutated genes (BRD4, EBF1, BTG1, CCND3, STAG2, and TMSB4X). Collectively, this study comprehensively reveals the genomic landscape of newly diagnosed Chinese PCNSLs, thereby enriching the present understanding of the genetic mechanisms of PCNSL.

关键词： primary central nervous system lymphoma whole-genome sequencing TMSB4X copy number variation gene mutation

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Cell surface protein engineering for high-performance whole-cell catalysts

Hajime Nakatani,Katsutoshi Hori

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第1期页码 46-57 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1609-3

摘要： Cell surface protein engineering facilitated by accumulation of information on genome and protein structure involves heterologous production and modification of cell surface proteins using genetic engineering, and is important for the development of high-performance whole-cell catalysts. In this field, cell surface display is a major technology by exposing target proteins, such as enzymes, on the cell surface using a carrier protein. The target proteins are fused to the carrier proteins that transport and tether them to the cell surface, as well as to a secretion signal. This paper reviews cell surface display systems for prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells from the perspective of carrier proteins, which determine the number of displayed molecules, and the localization, size, and direction ( or terminal anchoring) of the passengers. We also discuss advanced methods for displaying multiple enzymes and a new method for the immobilization of whole-cell catalysts using adhesive surface proteins.

关键词： cell surface engineering surface display whole-cell catalysts bioprocess

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Efficient acetoin production from pyruvate by engineered whole-cell biocatalysis

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第4期页码 425-436 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2229-0

摘要： Acetoin is an important platform chemical, which has a wide range of applications in many industries. Halomonas bluephagenesis, a chassis for next generation of industrial biotechnology, has advantages of fast growth and high tolerance to organic acid salts and alkaline environment. Here, α-acetolactate synthase and α-acetolactate decarboxylase from Bacillus subtilis 168 were co-expressed in H. bluephagenesis to produce acetoin from pyruvate. After reaction condition optimization and further increase of α-acetolactate decarboxylase expression, acetoin production and yield were significantly enhanced to 223.4 mmol·L^–1 and 0.491 mol·mol^–1 from 125.4 mmol·L^–1 and 0.333 mol·mol^–1, respectively. Finally, the highest titer of 974.3 mmol·L^–1 (85.84 g·L^–1) of acetoin was accumulated from 2143.4 mmol·L^–1 (188.6 g·L^–1) of pyruvic acid within 8 h in fed-batch bioconversion under optimal reaction conditions. Moreover, the reusability of the cell catalysis was also tested, and the result illustrated that the whole-cell catalysis obtained 433.3, 440.2, 379.0, 442.8 and 339.4 mmol·L^–1 (38.2, 38.8, 33.4, 39.0 and 29.9 g·L^–1) acetoin in five repeated cycles under the same conditions. This work therefore provided an efficient H. bluephagenesis whole-cell catalysis with a broad development prospect in biosynthesis of acetoin.

关键词： acetoin pyruvate α-acetolactate synthetase α-acetolactate decarboxylase Halomonas bluephagenesis whole-cell biocatalysis

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Whole-life Thinking and Engineering the Future

Roger Flanagan

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第3期页码 290-296 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014040

摘要： Whole-life thinking for engineers working on the built environment has become more important in a fast changing world. Whole-life thinking is not new, every project attempts to balance the initial capital cost with the operating and maintenance cost of an asset. Engineers are increasingly concerned with complex systems, in which the parts interact with each other and with the outside world in many ways — the relationships between the parts determine how the system behaves. Systems thinking provides one approach to developing a more robust whole-life approach. Systems thinking is a process of understanding how things influence one another within a wider perspective. Complexity, chaos, and risk are endemic in all major projects. New approaches are needed to produce more reliable whole-life predictions. Best value, rather than lowest cost, can be achieved by using whole-life appraisal as a part of the design and delivery strategy.

关键词： whole-life thinking systems thinking complexity chaos risk management through life

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新时期我国农业标准化发展研究

燕艳华,王亚华,云振宇,席兴军,初侨,谢丽华,王宇彤

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第4期页码 202-213 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.04.017

摘要：起步：p>建国初期到改革开放前p>1951首次明确农业、农垦、水产、林业部门标准代号分别为快速发展：p>加入WTO后到2015年p>2001“无公害食品行动计划”正式启动p><标准化与农业科技装备p>农业科技装备的社会化推广过程与标准化密切相关。标准化与农业可持续发展p>标准化对推动农业资源合理利用，实现农业可持续发展至关重要。标准化实施模式更加多元化p>依靠政府驱动还是依靠市场带动，一直以来都是农业标准化工作讨论的焦点。

关键词：农业强国；农业标准化；农业全产业链；标准体系

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标题作者时间类型操作

Innovations of phosphorus sustainability: implications for the whole chain

null

期刊论文

Comments on “Innovations for phosphorus sustainability: implications for the whole food chain” in special

Peter M. VITOUSEK, Xuejun LIU

期刊论文

Extracts from cotton over the whole growing season induce

P. McErlean

期刊论文